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Multi-Term Nonlinear Fractal-Orders Delayed Abel Integral Equation: Existence of Solutions, Stability, and Applications

Authors

  • Ahmed M. A. El-Sayed Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7092-7950
  • Hanadi Zahed Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Taibah University, Saudi Arabia https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7020-0450
  • Shaymaa I. Nasim Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
  • Eman M. A. Hamdallah Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37256/cm.6620258293

Keywords:

Abel integral equation, existence of solutions, delay integral equation, fractal operators, continuous dependence, Hyers-Ulam stability, nonlocal-integral problems

Abstract

In this paper we study a multi-term non-linear fractal orders delayed integral equation of the second kind. We examine the existence of integrable solution xL1[0, T]. Under certain assumptions, the uniqueness of this solution will be demonstrated. Additionally, the continuous dependence on the problem’s parameters will be investigated. The Hyers-Ulam stability of the problem itself will be established. Finally, as applications we study two initial value problems of multi-term fractal orders integro-differential equations.

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Published

2025-11-09

How to Cite

1.
El-Sayed AMA, Zahed H, Nasim SI, Hamdallah EMA. Multi-Term Nonlinear Fractal-Orders Delayed Abel Integral Equation: Existence of Solutions, Stability, and Applications. Contemp. Math. [Internet]. 2025 Nov. 9 [cited 2026 Jun. 4];6(6):8594-621. Available from: https://ojs.wiserpub.com/index.php/CM/article/view/8293