Role and Perspective of Metal-Oxide Based Nanocomposites for Wastewater Treatment: A Review

Abstract

One among the Global challenges of 21^st century is inaccessibility of clean water. In this concern, nanotechnology is rising as one of the most advanced processes for wastewater treatment having/great potential to improve water purification and decontamination efficiency. Among various types of nanomaterials, metal oxides are widely employed in wastewater remediation due to their extremely reduced particle sizes and high specific surface area. However, their limitations, such as a wide band gap and aggregation, which reduce the life time of active species responsible for pollutant degradation, as well as the health risks associated with their release into the environment, require the use of their nanocomposite form in wastewater remediation. This review will summarize efficiencies of metal oxide based nanocomposites (Graphene oxide, ZnO, AgO, TiO₂, CuO) as adsorbent, disinfectant, photocatalyst and membrane filter. It will also give a brief overview of how the wastewater treatment efficiencies of metal oxide based nanoparticles are enhanced in their nanocomposite form.