Assessment of the Physico-chemical Properties in the Muni-Pomadze Ramsar Site and its Catchment in Winneba, Ghana

Abstract

The study sought to investigate the physico-chemical properties of the Muni Lagoon and its catchment in Winneba, Ghana. This was an onsite study, thus all the data were taken in situ. Parameters which allow for on-field measurements were measured and used in conducting this study. Field observations, field measurements, and recordings of physical parameters in situ were the data collection methods. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented on bar graphs. The field results were compared to the standards set by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). The field measurements indicated that all the parameters tested within the Muni catchment were within the thresholds provided by the WHO and USEPA. Though parameters were within the acceptable threshold, field observations over the years revealed that there had been a great decline in biodiversity within the catchment, which could be attributed to anthropogenic activities such as encroachment, overfishing, harvesting of mangroves and waste intrusion. It is recommended that there should be constant monthly water quality monitoring of the water bodies within the Muni catchment to inform their status from time to time. The Forestry and Wildlife Commission of the Effutu Municipality should conduct routine community outreach programs on the radio to sensitize people on the effects of their actions on the catchment.