Powering the Future: Advancements and Applications of Photovoltaic Systems with Political, Economic, and Environmental Considerations

Abstract

The paper explores the significant role of photovoltaic (PV) technology in the global energy mix and its diverse range of applications, including power generation for residential and commercial buildings, transportation, and industry. Building-integrated photovoltaic systems offer numerous benefits over traditional solar panels, such as enhanced energy efficiency, reduced visual impact, and simplified installation. The critical role of grid integration in photovoltaic systems, the utilization of photovoltaic systems for powering electric vehicles, and the application of floating solar farms are also emphasized. Additionally, the article discusses the influence of various factors, including solar irradiance, temperature, shading, and system design and installation, on the performance of photovoltaic systems during their operation. The article also sheds light on emerging technologies, such as software tools, numerical models, and experimental methods, used for performance modeling and analysis. Despite challenges associated with the photovoltaic industry, such as initial investment costs and intermittency issues, supportive policies from governments and ongoing technological advancements are contributing to the accelerated growth of the photovoltaic industry and paving the way for a more sustainable future for future generations.