Modeling and Comparative Analysis of the Compressive Strength of Concretes of Varying Sand Zones Using Scheffe’s Theory

Abstract

The characteristics and application of Scheffe's model to evaluate the data collected from the compressive strength of concrete made with sands from two zones (III and IV) have been investigated. The concrete was developed using Ibagwa River "1" sand (Zone III) and Ibagwa River "2" sand (Zone IV), both obtained from Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, in southern Nigeria. The methodology involves conducting experimental tests to evaluate the compressive strength of concrete cast with different sand types. The resulting experimental data were then analyzed using Scheffe’s model, which was validated through Fisher's model. From the results obtained, the Zone III sand indicated a higher compressive strength average of 22.22 N/mm² compared to Zone IV's 13.48 N/mm². Fisher's test validated the adequacy of Scheffe's model, with total sums of squares of 5.398 (experimental) and 7.002 (model) for Zone III, and 5.26 (experimental) and 6.80 (model) for Zone IV. This implies that Scheffe’s model effectively predicts the concrete's compressive strength, with Zone III sand providing more consistent and robust results for structural applications. The meticulous examination of compressive strength provides a nuanced understanding of the comparative performance of concrete mixes, contributing significantly to the optimization of concrete formulation based on sand characteristics. The findings not only enhance the theoretical knowledge of concrete behavior but also offer practical implications for construction practices, reinforcing the applicability and versatility of Scheffe’s theory in diverse sand zone scenarios.