Impact of Inductance and Capacitance on MPPT Charge Controller Performance across Various Locations

Abstract

The transition toward sustainable energy systems has intensified the demand for more efficient solar power technologies, with Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) charge controllers serving as a critical component for improving photovoltaic performance. However, the role of passive elements such as inductance and capacitance in shaping MPPT efficiency under diverse environmental conditions remains underexplored. In this study, MATLAB Simulink models were developed to investigate the impact of inductive and capacitive configurations on MPPT controller performance across two geographically distinct regions: St. John’s, Newfoundland, and Kaptai, Chittagong. Multiple design scenarios were simulated to evaluate system adaptability and output stability under varying solar irradiance and temperature profiles. The results demonstrate that optimized component sizing significantly enhances energy extraction, while inappropriate tuning leads to sharp declines in system efficiency. To assess long-term dependability, a reliability analysis was also conducted, supported by probability density and cumulative distribution function evaluations. The findings indicate that the proposed configurations exhibit high operational stability and strong reliability metrics, ensuring consistent performance over extended lifespans. This study highlights the necessity of location-specific tuning of inductance and capacitance in MPPT design. By providing a quantified understanding of their influence on controller dynamics, the study offers practical insights for developing robust, efficient, and reliable solar energy systems tailored to diverse climatic contexts.