Utilization of Open Space for Beauty and Healthier Cities in Third-World Countries: The Case of Kigali City

Abstract

Open spaces play critical roles for people in cities. In developing countries, open spaces are used for social gatherings, which are vital for a healthy city. The lack of public spaces in cities obstructs the beauty of cities, spaces for community interaction, and inclusive urban planning. This study explored the utilization of open space for beauty and healthier cities in third-world countries using Kigali city. Tested research questions include: (1) How is the utilization of open spaces in Kigali city for beautiful and healthier cities in developing countries?; (2) What are the challenges that delay the effective utilization of open spaces in Kigali city?; and (3) What are suitable recommendations for future open spaces for healthier cities in developing countries? Qualitative and quantitative methods were used, which involved interviews with 60 Kigali city residents, one vision-impaired person, and one city of Kigali expert. Observations were carried out to expose the presence and utilization of open spaces. The findings show that the city's three key open spaces, one located in front of the Bank of Kigali head office, known as Imbuga City Walk, a second located at Nyandugu Urban Wetland Ecotourism Park, and a third situated at Rebero, Kicukiro District. These are used for social interactions and individual relaxation. Hence, the effective utilization of the open spaces is hindered by challenges, including the absence of basic infrastructure such as power point sockets to charge computers and phones. Other open spaces cannot shade people during sunny and rainy seasons. The study recommends (1) the construction of several artificial lakes in open spaces, as in Gikondo Public Garden; (2) a smart city concept that involves open spaces with sufficient facilities to advance utilization and achieve healthy cities.