

Climatic changes, Sustainable development goals, and the Europan Green deal are bringing new challenges to the modeling of Earth Processes. We need to have detailed models of Earth, integrated data in standardized and harmonized form, easily discoverable and accessible on the cloud, and also powerful modeling tools. Those all will be included in future models of the Earths–Earths Oriented Digital Twins Digital. Twin Earth has to provide enhanced modeling and forecast in space and time to be able to formulate new policies and also business processes. It should support all policymakers, researchers, and also businesses. Digital Twin Earth has to bring new quality to Earth modeling and overcome some of the fundamental limitations in current modeling approaches. It has to offer possibilities to run the model from small to large scale. It has to include not only environmental issues but also socio-economic factors or anthropogenic processes. We need a new generation of Earths models based on cloud and HPC to open the door for more effective decision-making integration of advanced models, cutting-edge AI methodologies, and the latest IoT ad EO observations capabilities to achieve high performance simulations at an extreme scale.